{"id":98980,"date":"2024-11-08T16:57:31","date_gmt":"2024-11-08T08:57:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.techphant.cn\/?p=98980"},"modified":"2024-11-08T16:57:34","modified_gmt":"2024-11-08T08:57:34","slug":"blyxygzyl","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.techphant.cn\/blog\/98980.html","title":{"rendered":"BGP\u8def\u7531\u534f\u8bae\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u3000\u3000<strong>BGP(\u8fb9\u754c\u7f51\u5173\u534f\u8bae)<\/strong>\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u4e8e\u81ea\u6cbb\u7cfb\u7edf(AS)\u4e4b\u95f4\u4ea4\u6362\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u8def\u7531\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5176\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u4e3b\u8981\u56f4\u7ed5\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u673a\u5236\u5c55\u5f00\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u3000\u3000<strong>\u5bf9\u7b49\u4f53\u5efa\u7acb<\/strong>\uff1aBGP\u5bf9\u7b49\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u57fa\u4e8eTCP\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u7aef\u53e3179\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\u3002\u5728\u5efa\u7acbBGP\u90bb\u5c45\u5173\u7cfb\u65f6\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7TCP\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u5efa\u7acb\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4ea4\u6362Open\u62a5\u6587\u4ee5\u534f\u5546\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5982\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u3001AS\u53f7\u548cHold\u65f6\u95f4\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u3000\u3000<strong>\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f\u4ea4\u6362<\/strong>\uff1aBGP\u534f\u8bae\u901a\u8fc7Open\u3001Update\u3001Notification\u3001Keepalive\u548cRoute-refresh\u7b49\u4e94\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u90bb\u5c45\u5efa\u7acb\u548c\u8def\u7531\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0cOpen\u62a5\u6587\u7528\u4e8e\u5efa\u7acb\u90bb\u5c45\u5173\u7cfb\u5e76\u534f\u5546\u53c2\u6570\uff0cUpdate\u62a5\u6587\u7528\u4e8e\u4f20\u9012\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u800cNotification\u62a5\u6587\u5219\u7528\u4e8e\u9519\u8bef\u901a\u77e5\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u3000\u3000<strong>\u8def\u7531\u7b56\u7565\u51b3\u7b56<\/strong>\uff1aBGP\u534f\u8bae\u901a\u8fc7\u8def\u5f84\u5c5e\u6027(Path attribute)\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u8def\u7531\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5c5e\u6027\u5305\u62ecAS_PATH\u3001Next Hop\u3001Local Preference\u7b49\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u4f20\u9012\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u4f18\u8def\u7531\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cAS_PATH\u5c5e\u6027\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u8def\u7531\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7684AS\u7f16\u53f7\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u9632\u6b62\u8def\u7531\u73af\u8def\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u3000\u3000<strong>\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u548c\u72b6\u6001\u7ef4\u62a4<\/strong>\uff1aBGP\u534f\u8bae\u5177\u6709\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5904\u7406\u5404\u79cd\u7f51\u7edc\u6545\u969c\u5e76\u4fdd\u6301\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cBGP\u8fd8\u7ef4\u62a4\u7740\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f\u5e93\uff0c\u5982Adj-RIBs-In\u3001Loc-RIB\u548cAdj-RIBs-Out\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u8bb0\u5f55\u672a\u7ecf\u5904\u7406\u7684\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u51b3\u7b56\u540e\u7684\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u540e\u7684\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u3000\u3000<strong>\u591a\u8df3\u652f\u6301\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u6027<\/strong>\uff1aBGP\u652f\u6301\u591a\u8df3(Multi-hopping)\uff0c\u5373\u5141\u8bb8\u6570\u636e\u5305\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u4e2aAS\u8fdb\u884c\u4f20\u8f93\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u57fa\u4e8eTCP\u534f\u8bae\uff0cBGP\u5177\u6709\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u786e\u4fdd\u8def\u7531\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u4f20\u8f93\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000BGP\u534f\u8bae\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8def\u5f84\u77e2\u91cf\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u81ea\u6cbb\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u95f4\u4ea4\u6362\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u90bb\u5c45\u5173\u7cfb\u7ba1\u7406\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u8def\u7531\u9009\u62e9\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u53ef\u8fbe\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u3000\u3000\u4e00\u3001 BGP\u534f\u8bae\u4e2d\u8def\u5f84\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u4f5c\u7528\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000BGP\u534f\u8bae\u4e2d\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u5c5e\u6027\u5728\u8def\u7531\u9009\u62e9\u548c\u7b56\u7565\u63a7\u5236\u4e2d\u8d77\u7740\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5c5e\u6027\u5305\u62ec\u6743\u91cd\u503c(weight)\u3001\u672c\u5730AS\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7(local-preference)\u3001AS-Path\u3001Origin\u3001MED(\u591a\u51fa\u53e3\u5ea6\u91cf)\u3001\u4e0b\u4e00\u8df3(next-hop)\u3001Community\u548cAtomic_Aggregate\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u3000\u3000<strong>\u6743\u91cd\u503c\uff08Weight\uff09<\/strong>&nbsp;\uff1a\u6743\u91cd\u503c\u4ec5\u5f71\u54cd\u672c\u5730\u8def\u7531\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u4e0d\u88ab\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u5bf9\u7b49\u4f53\u3002\u5b83\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u672c\u5730AS\u5185\u90e8\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u4f73\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u3000\u3000<strong>\u672c\u5730AS\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff08Local Preference\uff09<\/strong>&nbsp;\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\u7528\u4e8e\u5f71\u54cd\u540c\u4e00AS\u5185\u7684\u8def\u7531\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6570\u503c\u8d8a\u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8d8a\u9ad8\u3002\u5b83\u5e2e\u52a9\u786e\u5b9a\u8fdb\u5165\u672c\u5730AS\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u3000\u3000<strong>AS-Path<\/strong>\uff1aAS-Path\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u5230\u8fbe\u76ee\u6807\u7f51\u7edc\u6240\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7684AS\u53f7\u5217\u8868\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u9632\u6b62\u8def\u7531\u73af\u8def\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8def\u7531\u4f18\u9009\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u8861\u91cf\u6807\u51c6\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u3000\u3000<strong>Origin<\/strong>\uff1aOrigin\u5c5e\u6027\u6807\u8bc6\u8def\u7531\u7684\u6765\u6e90\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662fIGP\u3001EGP\u6216 incomplete\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\u7528\u4e8e\u8def\u7531\u4f18\u9009\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cIGP\u8d77\u6e90\u7684\u8def\u7531\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u6700\u9ad8\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u3000\u3000<strong>MED\uff08Multi-Exit Discriminator\uff09<\/strong>&nbsp;\uff1aMED\u7528\u4e8e\u5f71\u54cd\u4ece\u5916\u90e8AS\u8fdb\u5165\u672cAS\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cMED\u503c\u8d8a\u4f4e\u8d8a\u4f18\u5148\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u914d\u7f6e\u6539\u53d8\u5176\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u3000\u3000<strong>\u4e0b\u4e00\u8df3\uff08Next-Hop\uff09<\/strong>&nbsp;\uff1a\u4e0b\u4e00\u8df3\u6307\u660e\u4e86\u5230\u8fbe\u76ee\u6807\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8def\u7531\u5668\u5730\u5740\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\u7528\u4e8e\u8def\u7531\u8ba1\u7b97\u548c\u5b9e\u9645\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8f6c\u53d1\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u3000\u3000<strong>Community<\/strong>\uff1aCommunity\u5c5e\u6027\u7528\u4e8e\u643a\u5e26\u4e00\u7ec4\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8fc7\u6ee4\u548c\u7b56\u7565\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u793e\u533a\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u533a\u5206\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8def\u7531\u7b56\u7565\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u3000\u3000<strong>Atomic_Aggregate<\/strong>\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\u8868\u793a\u8be5\u8def\u7531\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u805a\u5408\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u907f\u514d\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u8def\u7531\u66f4\u65b0\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u5728BGP\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u9009\u62e9\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8def\u7531\u5668\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u6765\u8bc4\u4f30\u6536\u5230\u7684\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5e76\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u4f73\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c4\u5219\u5305\u62ec\u4f46\u4e0d\u9650\u4e8e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8def\u5f84\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cAS_PATH\u8f83\u77ed\u7684\u8def\u7531\u4f1a\u88ab\u4f18\u5148\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u8868\u793a\u8def\u5f84\u66f4\u77ed\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u8df3\u6570\u548c\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cBGP\u8fd8\u5177\u6709\u5faa\u73af\u9884\u9632\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5373\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bfc\u5165\u5305\u542b\u81ea\u8eabAS\u53f7\u7684AS_PATH\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u8def\u7531\u73af\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u3000\u3000\u4e8c\u3001 \u5982\u4f55\u5728BGP\u4e2d\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u8def\u7531\u7b56\u7565\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u7f51\u7edc\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6027?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u5728BGP\u4e2d\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u8def\u7531\u7b56\u7565\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u7f51\u7edc\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u8fdb\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u3000\u3000<strong>\u672c\u5730\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff08Local Preference\uff09<\/strong>&nbsp;\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u672c\u5730\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u503c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f15\u5bfc\u6d41\u91cf\u907f\u5f00\u7f51\u7edc\u62e5\u5835\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6574\u4f53\u7f51\u7edc\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u3000\u3000<strong>\u591a\u8def\u5f84\u9009\u62e9\uff08Multipath\uff09<\/strong>&nbsp;\uff1a\u5229\u7528\u591a\u8def\u5f84\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u53ef\u7528\u8def\u5f84\u4e4b\u95f4\u5206\u914d\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0d\u4ec5\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u589e\u5f3a\u5197\u4f59\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u3000\u3000<strong>\u8def\u5f84\u5c5e\u6027\u4fee\u6539<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u6574BGP\u8def\u7531\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u5982AS\u8def\u5f84\u3001\u672c\u5730\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u7b49\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f18\u5316\u8def\u7531\u9009\u62e9\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u5305\u901a\u8fc7\u6700\u4f18\u8def\u5f84\u4f20\u8f93\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u3000\u3000<strong>\u8def\u7531\u8fc7\u6ee4<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u8fb9\u754c\u8def\u7531\u5668\u4e0a\u914d\u7f6e\u8def\u7531\u8fc7\u6ee4\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u963b\u6b62\u672a\u6388\u6743\u7684BGP\u8def\u7531\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u6076\u610f\u8def\u7531\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u589e\u5f3a\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u3000\u3000<strong>GTSM\u529f\u80fd<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528GTSM(Global Trust Security Model)\u529f\u80fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\u56faBGP\u8def\u7531\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u9632\u6b62IP\u6e90\u5730\u5740\u6b3a\u9a97\u653b\u51fb\u7b49\u5a01\u80c1\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u3000\u3000<strong>BGP\u5b89\u5168\u589e\u5f3a\u534f\u8bae\uff08BGPSEC\uff09<\/strong>&nbsp;\uff1a\u90e8\u7f72BGPSEC\u534f\u8bae\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u589e\u5f3aBGP\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u8def\u7531\u52ab\u6301\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u80c1\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u3000\u3000<strong>\u76d1\u63a7\u4e0e\u8c03\u6574<\/strong>\uff1a\u6301\u7eed\u76d1\u63a7\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u9645\u60c5\u51b5\u53ca\u65f6\u8c03\u6574BGP\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u6700\u4f18\u6570\u636e\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u3000\u3000\u4e09\u3001 BGP\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u673a\u5236\u5177\u4f53\u5305\u62ec\u54ea\u4e9b\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000BGP\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u673a\u5236\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u3000\u3000<strong>\u6d88\u606f\u5934\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406<\/strong>\uff1a\u5f53\u5904\u7406BGP\u6d88\u606f\u5934\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u4efb\u4f55\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u53d1\u9001\u5e26\u6709\u201c\u6d88\u606f\u5934\u9519\u8bef\u201d\u9519\u8bef\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u901a\u77e5\u6d88\u606f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679cMarker\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u9884\u671f\uff0c\u5219\u8868\u793a\u540c\u6b65\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9519\u8bef\u5b50\u4ee3\u7801\u4e3a\u201c\u8fde\u63a5\u672a\u540c\u6b65\u201d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u957f\u5ea6\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u76f8\u5e94\u5730\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9519\u8bef\u5b50\u4ee3\u7801\u4e3a\u201c\u574f\u6d88\u606f\u957f\u5ea6\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u5305\u542b\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u3000\u3000<strong>OPEN\u6d88\u606f\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u5904\u7406OPEN\u6d88\u606f\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u4e0d\u53d7\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u4f1a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9519\u8bef\u5b50\u4ee3\u7801\u4e3a\u201c\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u7684\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u5305\u542b\u672c\u5730\u652f\u6301\u7684\u6700\u5927\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u4e0e\u8fdc\u7a0bBGP\u5bf9\u7b49\u65b9\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u503c\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u81ea\u6cbb\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u6216Hold Time\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u76f8\u5e94\u5730\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9519\u8bef\u5b50\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u3000\u3000<strong>UPDATE\u6d88\u606f\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406<\/strong>\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8eUPDATE\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u8fc7\u53d1\u9001\u5e26\u6709\u201cUPDATE Message Error\u201d\u9519\u8bef\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u901a\u77e5\u6d88\u606f\u6765\u6307\u793a\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679cWithdrawn Routes Length\u6216Total Attribute Length\u592a\u5927\uff0c\u5219\u9519\u8bef\u5b50\u4ee3\u7801\u4e3a\u201cMalformed Attribute List\u201d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5c5e\u6027\u7c7b\u578b\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0eAttribute Flags\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u5219\u9519\u8bef\u5b50\u4ee3\u7801\u4e3a\u201cAttribute Flags Error\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u5305\u542b\u9519\u8bef\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u3000\u3000<strong>Finite State Machine Error<\/strong>\uff1a\u5f53BGP Finite State Machine\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u9519\u8bef\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u53d1\u9001\u5e26\u6709\u201cFinite State Machine Error\u201d\u7684\u901a\u77e5\u6d88\u606f\u3002\u5728\u975e\u81f4\u547d\u9519\u8bef\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cBGP\u5bf9\u7b49\u65b9\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u5173\u95ed\u5176BGP\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u3000\u3000<strong>Notification\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u4f7f\u7528<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u5404\u79cd\u9519\u8bef\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u53d1\u9001\u5e26\u6709\u9519\u8bef\u7801\u3001\u9519\u8bef\u5b50\u7801\u4ee5\u53ca\u6570\u636e\u57df\u7684Notification\u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u5e76\u5173\u95ed\u5bf9\u7b49\u4f53\u95f4\u7684BGP\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u89c4\u5b9a\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5b50\u7801\uff0c\u5219\u75280\u4ee3\u66ff\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u3000\u3000\u56db\u3001 \u5728BGP\u591a\u8df3\u652f\u6301\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u5305\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u4e2aAS\u65f6\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u548c\u6548\u7387?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u5728BGP\u591a\u8df3\u652f\u6301\u4e2d\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u5305\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u4e2aAS\u65f6\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u548c\u6548\u7387\u6d89\u53ca\u591a\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u63aa\u65bd\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u3000\u30001.&nbsp;<strong>\u591a\u8df3\u652f\u6301\u7684\u914d\u7f6e<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u4f7f\u7528ebgp-multihop\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5141\u8bb8BGP\u4e0e\u975e\u76f4\u8fde\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u7684\u5bf9\u7b49\u4f53\u5efa\u7acbEBGP\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u6700\u5927\u8df3\u6570\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u5728\u4e0d\u540cAS\u4e4b\u95f4\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u3000\u30002.&nbsp;<strong>TTL\u5b89\u5168\u68c0\u67e5<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000BGP\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u68c0\u67e5\u529f\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u6bd4\u8f83\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684IP\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684TTL\u5b57\u6bb5\u503c\u4e0e\u672c\u5730\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u8df3\u6570\u6765\u4fdd\u62a4eBGP\u5bf9\u7b49\u4f53\u4f1a\u8bdd\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5165\u7ad9IP\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684TTL\u503c\u5927\u4e8e\u6216\u7b49\u4e8e\u672c\u5730\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u5219\u63a5\u53d7\u5e76\u6b63\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u8be5\u6570\u636e\u5305;\u5982\u679cTTL\u503c\u5c0f\u4e8e\u672c\u5730\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u5219\u4e22\u5f03\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4e14\u4e0d\u751f\u6210ICMP\u6d88\u606f\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u673a\u5236\u9632\u6b62\u4e86\u4f2a\u9020\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u589e\u5f3a\u4e86\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u3000\u30003.&nbsp;<strong>\u672c\u5730AS\u529f\u80fd<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u672c\u5730AS\u529f\u80fd\u5141\u8bb8\u8def\u7531\u5668\u9664\u4e86\u5176\u771f\u5b9eAS\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u81ea\u6cbb\u7cfb\u7edf(AS)\u7684\u6210\u5458\u51fa\u73b0\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u4e24\u4e2aISP\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u65e0\u9700\u4fee\u6539\u5bf9\u7b49\u4f53\u5b89\u6392\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5408\u5e76\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u3000\u30004.&nbsp;<strong>\u591a\u8def\u5f84\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u5728BGP\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u914d\u7f6e\u542f\u7528\u591a\u8def\u5f84\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5e76\u6307\u5b9a\u7b49\u6548\u4e0b\u4e00\u8df3\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002\u8fd9\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u8def\u5f84\u4e4b\u95f4\u5206\u914d\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u6548\u7387\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u3000\u30005.&nbsp;<strong>\u5feb\u901f\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\uff08BGP FRR\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000BGP\u5feb\u901f\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411(FRR)\u65e8\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u5907\u4efd\u94fe\u8def\u5728\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u6545\u969c\u94fe\u8def\u540e\u7ef4\u6301\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u53d1\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u201c\u96f6\u5ef6\u8fdf\u201d\u548c\u201c\u96f6\u635f\u5931\u201d\u3002\u5f53BGP\u8def\u7531\u8868\u6709\u591a\u6761\u8def\u5f84\u5230\u8fbe\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u65f6\uff0cBGP\u4f1a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u9009\u62e9\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u800cBGP FRR\u5219\u4f1a\u5728\u53d1\u751f\u6545\u969c\u65f6\u4e3a\u6bcf\u6761\u6700\u4f73\u8def\u5f84\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u6761\u5907\u4efd\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u8def\u7531\u6536\u655b\u540e\u518d\u5207\u6362\u56de\u6700\u4f73\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u3000\u3000\u4e94\u3001 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