LoRa<\/a>\u65e0\u7ebf\u4eea\u8868\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e3b\u8981\u57fa\u4e8e\u6269\u9891\u8c03\u5236\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u79f0\u4e3aCSS(Chirp Spread Spectrum)\u7684\u8c03\u5236\u6280\u672f\u3002<\/strong>\u8fd9\u79cd\u6280\u672f\u901a\u8fc7\u7ebf\u6027\u9891\u7387\u8c03\u5236(LFM)\u4ea7\u751f\u201c\u5541\u557e\u201d\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u8f7d\u6ce2\u9891\u7387\u968f\u7740\u65f6\u95f4\u7ebf\u6027\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fdc\u8ddd\u79bb\u3001\u4f4e\u529f\u8017\u548c\u9ad8\u6297\u5e72\u6270\u6027\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u7279\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u3000\u3000\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cLoRa\u6280\u672f\u5c06\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4fe1\u53f7\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u6269\u9891\u6280\u672f\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5bbd\u5e26\u3001\u4f4e\u529f\u7387\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u53f7\u5728\u4f20\u8f93\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u6297\u5e72\u6270\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u66f4\u4f4e\u7684\u529f\u8017\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cLoRa\u8fd8\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u6269\u9891\u56e0\u5b50(spreading factor)\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u589e\u52a0\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u5e26\u5bbd\u6765\u63d0\u9ad8\u4f20\u8f93\u8ddd\u79bb\u548c\u6297\u5e72\u6270\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u3000\u3000\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0cLoRa\u8bbe\u5907\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u5236\u89e3\u8c03\u5668(Modem)\u5c06\u6570\u5b57\u4fe1\u53f7\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u6a21\u62df\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u65e0\u7ebf\u4f20\u8f93\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8c03\u5236\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0d\u4ec5\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u4f20\u8f93\u8ddd\u79bb\uff0c\u8fd8\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u529f\u8017\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u80fd\u591f\u652f\u6301\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u901f\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u3000\u3000LoRa\u65e0\u7ebf\u4eea\u8868\u901a\u8fc7CSS\u8c03\u5236\u6280\u672f\u548c\u6269\u9891\u8c03\u5236\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u8fdc\u8ddd\u79bb\u3001\u4f4e\u529f\u8017\u548c\u9ad8\u6297\u5e72\u6270\u6027\u7684\u65e0\u7ebf\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u7269\u8054\u7f51\u9886\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u3000\u3000\u4e00\u3001 LoRa\u65e0\u7ebf\u4eea\u8868\u5728CSS\u8c03\u5236\u6280\u672f\u4e2d\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u9891\u7387\u8c03\u5236(LFM)\u7684?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u3000\u3000LoRa\u65e0\u7ebf\u4eea\u8868\u5728CSS\u8c03\u5236\u6280\u672f\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u9891\u7387\u8c03\u5236(LFM)\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u751f\u6210\u201c\u5541\u557e\u201d\u4fe1\u53f7\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cCSS\u6280\u672f\u4f7f\u7528\u7ebf\u6027\u9891\u7387\u8c03\u5236(LFM)\u6765\u4ea7\u751f\u8fd9\u79cd\u4fe1\u53f7\u3002LFM\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u662f\u9891\u7387\u968f\u65f6\u95f4\u7ebf\u6027\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5f53\u9891\u7387\u7ebf\u6027\u589e\u52a0\u65f6\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e0a\u53d8\u9891\uff0c\u5f53\u9891\u7387\u7ebf\u6027\u51cf\u5c11\u65f6\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e0b\u53d8\u9891\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u3000\u3000\u5728CSS\u8c03\u5236\u4e2d\uff0cLFM\u4fe1\u53f7\u88ab\u7f16\u7801\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u5bbd\u5e26\u8c03\u9891\u6b63\u5f26\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u5176\u9891\u7387\u968f\u65f6\u95f4\u5448\u7ebf\u6027\u5173\u7cfb\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u4fe1\u53f7\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u57fa\u4e8eFPGA\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ee5\u5176\u9ad8\u6548\u3001\u7cbe\u5bc6\u548c\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u800c\u5907\u53d7\u77a9\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u3000\u3000\u4e8c\u3001 LoRa\u6280\u672f\u4e2d\u7684\u6269\u9891\u56e0\u5b50(spreading factor)\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5f71\u54cd\u4fe1\u53f7\u4f20\u8f93\u8ddd\u79bb<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u3000\u3000\u5728LoRa\u6280\u672f\u4e2d\uff0c\u6269\u9891\u56e0\u5b50(SF)\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u8282\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4fe1\u606f\u4f4d\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u6570\u91cf\u6765\u4f18\u5316\u901a\u4fe1\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u5e26\u5bbd\u548c\u8986\u76d6\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f71\u54cd\u4fe1\u53f7\u4f20\u8f93\u8ddd\u79bb\u548c\u6297\u5e72\u6270\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u3000\u3000\u6269\u9891\u56e0\u5b50\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4fe1\u53f7\u5e26\u5bbd\u7684\u51cf\u5c0f\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7b26\u53f7\u643a\u5e26\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u91cf\u51cf\u5c11\uff0c\u4f46\u4f20\u8f93\u8ddd\u79bb\u4f1a\u76f8\u5e94\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6269\u9891\u56e0\u5b50\u7684\u53d6\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u4ece7\u523012.\u6570\u503c\u8d8a\u5927\u8868\u793a\u6269\u5c55\u5e26\u5bbd\u8d8a\u5c0f\uff0c\u4f20\u8f93\u8ddd\u79bb\u8d8a\u8fdc\uff0c\u4f46\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u901f\u7387\u4f1a\u964d\u4f4e\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u9700\u8981\u957f\u8ddd\u79bb\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u6269\u9891\u56e0\u5b50\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u4f20\u8f93\u8ddd\u79bb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u3000\u3000\u6269\u9891\u56e0\u5b50\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u4e5f\u4f1a\u63d0\u9ad8\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u6297\u5e72\u6270\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6269\u9891\u8c03\u5236\u6280\u672f\u91c7\u7528\u591a\u4e2a\u4fe1\u606f\u7801\u7247\u6765\u4ee3\u8868\u6709\u6548\u8d1f\u8f7d\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5f97\u4fe1\u53f7\u5728\u4f20\u8f93\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u66f4\u52a0\u5206\u6563\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u51cf\u5c11\u5e72\u6270\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5f53\u6269\u9891\u56e0\u5b50\u589e\u52a0\u65f6\uff0c\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u5e26\u5bbd\u53d8\u7a84\uff0c\u975e\u6240\u9700\u4fe1\u53f7\u4f1a\u88ab\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u800c\u6709\u7528\u4fe1\u53f7\u5219\u88ab\u6062\u590d\u6210\u7a84\u5e26\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u6297\u5e72\u6270\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u3000\u3000\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u6269\u9891\u56e0\u5b50\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u4f20\u8f93\u8ddd\u79bb\u548c\u6297\u5e72\u6270\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4e5f\u4f1a\u727a\u7272\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u901f\u7387\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u73af\u5883\u548c\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6269\u9891\u56e0\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u3000\u3000\u6269\u9891\u56e0\u5b50\u5728LoRa\u6280\u672f\u4e2d\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u8282\u4fe1\u53f7\u5e26\u5bbd\u548c\u8986\u76d6\u8303\u56f4\u6765\u5f71\u54cd\u4fe1\u53f7\u4f20\u8f93\u8ddd\u79bb\u548c\u6297\u5e72\u6270\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u3000\u3000\u4e09\u3001 LoRa\u8bbe\u5907\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u5236\u89e3\u8c03\u5668(Modem)\u5c06\u6570\u5b57\u4fe1\u53f7\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u6a21\u62df\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u3000\u3000\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0cLoRa\u8bbe\u5907\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u5236\u89e3\u8c03\u5668(Modem)\u5c06\u6570\u5b57\u4fe1\u53f7\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u6a21\u62df\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6d89\u53ca\u591a\u79cd\u6280\u672f\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0cLoRa\u8c03\u5236\u89e3\u8c03\u5668\u91c7\u7528\u4e13\u5229\u6269\u9891\u8c03\u5236\u548c\u524d\u5411\u7ea0\u9519\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6280\u672f\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u7684FSK\u3001OOK\u8c03\u5236\u6280\u672f\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u6269\u5927\u65e0\u7ebf\u901a\u8baf\u94fe\u8def\u7684\u8986\u76d6\u8303\u56f4\u5e76\u63d0\u9ad8\u94fe\u8def\u7684\u9c81\u68d2\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u3000\u3000\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cLoRa\u8c03\u5236\u89e3\u8c03\u5668\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u9891\u79fb\u952e\u63a7(FSK)\u6216\u6b63\u4ea4\u9891\u5206\u591a\u5740(OFDM)\u8c03\u5236\u6280\u672f\u3002FSK\u6280\u672f\u901a\u8fc7\u6539\u53d8\u8f7d\u6ce2\u9891\u7387\u6765\u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u800cOFDM\u6280\u672f\u5219\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6210\u591a\u4e2a\u5b50\u8f7d\u6ce2\u5e76\u5206\u522b\u8c03\u5236\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u6548\u4f20\u8f93\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8c03\u5236\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f7f\u5f97LoRa\u8bbe\u5907\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u957f\u8ddd\u79bb\u4f20\u8f93\u4e2d\u4fdd\u6301\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u3000\u3000\u5728\u8c03\u5236\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6570\u5b57\u4fe1\u53f7\u88ab\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u6a21\u62df\u4fe1\u53f7\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5305\u62ec\u5c06\u6570\u5b57\u6570\u636e\u7f16\u7801\u5230\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u6a21\u62df\u4fe1\u53f7\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u5176\u80fd\u591f\u901a\u8fc7\u65e0\u7ebf\u4fe1\u9053\u4f20\u8f93\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cFSK\u8c03\u5236\u6280\u672f\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u6570\u5b57\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u72b6\u6001\u8c03\u6574\u8f7d\u6ce2\u7684\u9891\u7387\uff0c\u800cOFDM\u6280\u672f\u5219\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u4e2a\u5b50\u8f7d\u6ce2\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u6765\u4f20\u8f93\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u3000\u3000\u56db\u3001 LoRa\u65e0\u7ebf\u4eea\u8868\u652f\u6301\u7684\u9ad8\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u901f\u7387\u5177\u4f53\u662f\u591a\u5c11<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u3000\u3000LoRa\u65e0\u7ebf\u4eea\u8868\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u901f\u7387\u901a\u5e38\u5728300bps\u81f350kbps\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cLoRa\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u652f\u6301\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u901f\u7387\u4e3a62.5kbps\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cLora\u82af\u7247\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u4f20\u8f93\u901f\u7387\u4e3a0.3kbps\u523050kbps\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u3000\u3000\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u4f4e\u529f\u8017\u901a\u4fe1\u6280\u672f\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0cLoRa\u5177\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u4f18\u52bf\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n- \u3000\u3000\u957f\u8ddd\u79bb\u901a\u4fe1<\/strong>\uff1aLoRa\u6280\u672f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u516c\u91cc\u751a\u81f3\u6570\u5341\u516c\u91cc\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u8ddd\u79bb\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u5e7f\u57df\u7269\u8054\u7f51\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u72ec\u7279\u4f18\u52bf\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- \u3000\u3000\u4f4e\u529f\u8017\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/strong>\uff1aLoRa\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u4f4e\u529f\u8017\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u957f\u671f\u8fd0\u884c\u4e14\u5bf9\u80fd\u8017\u8981\u6c42\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- \u3000\u3000\u5e7f\u57df\u8986\u76d6\u548c\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u8bbe\u5907\u8fde\u63a5\u80fd\u529b<\/strong>\uff1aLoRa\u80fd\u591f\u8986\u76d6\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u5e76\u652f\u6301\u5927\u91cf\u8bbe\u5907\u540c\u65f6\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b83\u5728\u667a\u80fd\u57ce\u5e02\u3001\u5b89\u9632\u76d1\u63a7\u7b49\u9886\u57df\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u8272\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- \u3000\u3000\u826f\u597d\u7684\u6297\u5e72\u6270\u6027<\/strong>\uff1aLoRa\u5177\u6709\u8f83\u5f3a\u7684\u6297\u5e72\u6270\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u590d\u6742\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7a33\u5b9a\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
\u3000\u3000\u4e94\u3001 LoRa\u65e0\u7ebf\u4eea\u8868\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
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