{"id":100350,"date":"2025-01-09T17:30:42","date_gmt":"2025-01-09T09:30:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.techphant.cn\/?p=100350"},"modified":"2025-01-09T17:30:47","modified_gmt":"2025-01-09T09:30:47","slug":"gywgdzyygn-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.techphant.cn\/blog\/100350.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5de5\u4e1a\u7f51\u5173\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0e\u529f\u80fd\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u3000\u3000<strong>\u5de5\u4e1a\u7f51\u5173<\/strong>\u5728\u5de5\u4e1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u548c<strong>\u7269\u8054\u7f51(IoT)<\/strong>\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u626e\u6f14\u7740\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul 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<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u3000\u3000\u4e00\u3001 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RTU\/TCP<\/strong>\u3001<strong>Profibus<\/strong>\u3001<strong>EtherCAT<\/strong>\uff0c\u4e0e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7269\u8054\u7f51\u534f\u8bae\u5982<strong>MQTT<\/strong>\u3001<strong>CoAP<\/strong>\u3001<strong>OPC UA<\/strong>\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u63d2\u4ef6\u6216\u9a71\u52a8\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u6570\u636e\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u4e0e\u5c01\u5305\u3002\u5de5\u4e1a\u7f51\u5173\u4f1a\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c42\u9762\u63d0\u4f9b\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u6216\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u6216\u7cfb\u7edf\u96c6\u6210\u5546\u8fdb\u884c\u4e8c\u6b21\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u76f4\u63a5\u52a0\u8f7d\u5b98\u65b9\u6216\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u9002\u914d\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0d\u540c\u534f\u8bae\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4e92\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u5728\u901a\u4fe1\u548c\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u8f6c\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5de5\u4e1a\u7f51\u5173\u4f1a\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e00\u4e2a<strong>\u6570\u636e\u6620\u5c04\uff08Data Mapping\uff09\u4e0e\u534f\u8bae\u8f6c\u6362\u89c4\u5219<\/strong>\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u5c06\u6765\u81ea\u4e0b\u4f4d\u673a\u8bbe\u5907(\u5982PLC\u3001\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u3001\u5de5\u4e1a\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u7b49)\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6309\u7167\u76ee\u6807\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u91cd\u65b0\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5e76\u6253\u5305\u4e0a\u9001\u3002\u4e3e\u4f8b\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5f53\u9700\u8981\u5c06<strong>Modbus<\/strong>\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e0a\u4f20\u5230\u57fa\u4e8e<strong>MQTT<\/strong>\u7684\u4e91\u5e73\u53f0\u65f6\uff0c\u5de5\u4e1a\u7f51\u5173\u4f1a\u5728\u63a5\u6536Modbus\u62a5\u6587\u540e\uff0c\u89e3\u6790\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u6216\u7ebf\u5708\u503c\uff0c\u518d\u6309\u7167MQTT\u6d88\u606f\u4e3b\u9898\u4e0e\u8d1f\u8f7d\u683c\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u5c01\u88c5\u53d1\u5e03\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e3a\u6ee1\u8db3\u5b9e\u65f6\u6027\u4e0e\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u5de5\u4e1a\u7f51\u5173\u5f80\u5f80\u63d0\u4f9b<strong>\u8fb9\u7f18\u8ba1\u7b97\u80fd\u529b<\/strong>\u4ee5\u53ca\u7f13\u5b58\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u91cd\u8981\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u672c\u5730\u5904\u7406\u6216\u6682\u5b58\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u65f6\u4ecd\u53ef\u8fdb\u884c\u5173\u952e\u4e1a\u52a1\u7684\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u7531\u4e8e\u5de5\u4e1a\u7f51\u5173\u8fde\u63a5\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u73af\u5883\u4e0e\u534f\u8bae\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u4e0e\u7ba1\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u4e5f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u4e3a\u4fdd\u969c\u6570\u636e\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u5de5\u4e1a\u7f51\u5173\u901a\u5e38\u91c7\u7528<strong>TLS\/SSL\u52a0\u5bc6<\/strong>\u3001<strong>VPN\u96a7\u9053<\/strong>\u4ee5\u53ca\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7b56\u7565\u6765\u9632\u8303\u5916\u90e8\u653b\u51fb\u4e0e\u5185\u90e8\u8d8a\u6743\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u5728\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u76d1\u63a7\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u7f51\u5173\u4f1a\u63d0\u4f9b<strong>\u8fdc\u7a0b\u914d\u7f6e<\/strong>\u548c\u56fa\u4ef6\u5347\u7ea7(FOTA, Firmware Over-The-Air)\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u8ba9\u8fd0\u7ef4\u4eba\u5458\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u5e73\u53f0\u5b9e\u65f6\u89c2\u5bdf\u5404\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u5728\u7ebf\u66f4\u65b0\u534f\u8bae\u63d2\u4ef6\u6216\u5b89\u5168\u8865\u4e01\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u8f6f\u786c\u4ef6\u4e00\u4f53\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5de5\u4e1a\u7f51\u5173\u5f97\u4ee5\u5728\u591a\u6837\u5316\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u6210\u529f\u642d\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u4e92\u901a\u7684\u201c\u6865\u6881\u201d\uff0c\u4e3a\u667a\u6167\u5de5\u5382\u3001\u697c\u5b87\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u5de5\u4e1a\u7269\u8054\u7f51\u5e94\u7528\u63d0\u4f9b\u9ad8\u6548\u4e14\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u3000\u3000\u4e8c\u3001 \u5de5\u4e1a\u7f51\u5173\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5b89\u5168\u9632\u62a4\u63aa\u65bd\u5177\u4f53\u5305\u62ec\u54ea\u4e9b\u6280\u672f?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u5728\u5de5\u4e1a\u7f51\u5173\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5b89\u5168\u9632\u62a4\u4e2d\uff0c<strong>\u52a0\u5bc6\u6280\u672f<\/strong>\u5360\u636e\u4e86\u6838\u5fc3\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u5de5\u4e1a\u7f51\u5173\u901a\u5e38\u91c7\u7528<strong>TLS\/SSL\u52a0\u5bc6<\/strong>\u6765\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u5728\u4f20\u8f93\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u673a\u5bc6\u6027\u548c\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5efa\u7acb\u52a0\u5bc6\u901a\u9053\u9632\u6b62\u6570\u636e\u88ab\u7a83\u53d6\u6216\u7be1\u6539\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cVPN(\u865a\u62df\u4e13\u7528\u7f51\u7edc)\u6280\u672f\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u5de5\u4e1a\u7f51\u5173\uff0c\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u96a7\u9053\uff0c\u9694\u79bb\u5185\u90e8\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0e\u5916\u90e8\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u5347\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u7f51\u5173\u8bbe\u5907\u4e2d\u7684\u654f\u611f\u6570\u636e\uff0c**\u786c\u4ef6\u52a0\u5bc6\u6a21\u5757(HSM)<strong>\u548c<\/strong>\u5168\u76d8\u52a0\u5bc6(FDE)**\u6280\u672f\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u9632\u6b62\u672a\u7ecf\u6388\u6743\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u6570\u636e\u6cc4\u9732\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u8303<strong>\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb<\/strong>\uff0c\u5de5\u4e1a\u7f51\u5173\u96c6\u6210\u4e86\u591a\u5c42\u6b21\u7684<strong>\u9632\u706b\u5899<\/strong>\u548c<strong>\u5165\u4fb5\u68c0\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08IDS\uff09<\/strong>\u3002\u9632\u706b\u5899\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6076\u610f\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u963b\u6b62\u672a\u6388\u6743\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5165\u4fb5\u68c0\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf\u80fd\u591f\u5b9e\u65f6\u76d1\u63a7\u7f51\u7edc\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u8bc6\u522b\u5e76\u54cd\u5e94\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5a01\u80c1\uff0c\u5982<strong>DDoS\u653b\u51fb<\/strong>\u548c<strong>\u6076\u610f\u8f6f\u4ef6<\/strong>\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u7f51\u5173\u5728\u9762\u5bf9\u590d\u6742\u591a\u53d8\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u73af\u5883\u65f6\u4f9d\u7136\u4fdd\u6301\u5b89\u5168\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u5206\u6bb5(Network Segmentation)\u6280\u672f\u88ab\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u5de5\u4e1a\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u9694\u79bb\u5f00\u6765\uff0c\u9650\u5236\u6f5c\u5728\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u6269\u6563\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u6574\u4f53\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u9632\u62a4\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u5728<strong>\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u4e0e\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236<\/strong>\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5de5\u4e1a\u7f51\u5173\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u5148\u8fdb\u7684\u6280\u672f\u624b\u6bb5\u6765\u786e\u4fdd\u53ea\u6709\u6388\u6743\u7528\u6237\u548c\u8bbe\u5907\u80fd\u591f\u8bbf\u95ee\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u3002**\u53cc\u56e0\u7d20\u8ba4\u8bc1(2FA)<strong>\u548c<\/strong>\u57fa\u4e8e\u89d2\u8272\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236(RBAC)**\u673a\u5236\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u4ee5\u589e\u5f3a\u7528\u6237\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u5f3a\u5ea6\u5e76\u7ec6\u5316\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<strong>\u516c\u94a5\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\uff08PKI\uff09\u548c\u6570\u5b57\u8bc1\u4e66<\/strong>\u6280\u672f\u5219\u7528\u4e8e\u8bbe\u5907\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u7f51\u5173\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u90fd\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u672a\u7ecf\u6388\u6743\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u63a5\u5165\u7f51\u7edc\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c<strong>\u5355\u70b9\u767b\u5f55\uff08SSO\uff09\u548c\u591a\u7ea7\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406<\/strong>\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u5b9e\u65bd\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7b80\u5316\u4e86\u7528\u6237\u7ba1\u7406\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u63a7\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u5728<strong>\u5b89\u5168\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u76d1\u63a7<\/strong>\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5de5\u4e1a\u7f51\u5173\u914d\u5907\u4e86\u5b8c\u5584\u7684<strong>\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e0e\u5ba1\u8ba1<\/strong>\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bb0\u5f55\u6240\u6709\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u4e8b\u540e\u5206\u6790\u548c\u6eaf\u6e90\u3002\u901a\u8fc7<strong>\u5b9e\u65f6\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf<\/strong>\uff0c\u8fd0\u7ef4\u4eba\u5458\u80fd\u591f\u53ca\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u5f02\u5e38\u884c\u4e3a\u6216\u6f5c\u5728\u5a01\u80c1\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u5b89\u5168\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c<strong>\u56fa\u4ef6\u4e0e\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u65b0<\/strong>\u548c<strong>\u8865\u4e01\u7ba1\u7406<\/strong>\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7f51\u5173\u59cb\u7ec8\u5177\u5907\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u9632\u62a4\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4fee\u590d\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\u548c\u5f31\u70b9\u3002<strong>\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u7ba1\u7406<\/strong>\u548c<strong>\u5408\u89c4\u6027\u68c0\u67e5<\/strong>\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f01\u4e1a\u9075\u5faa\u884c\u4e1a\u6807\u51c6\u548c\u6cd5\u89c4\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5168\u9762\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u4e14\u6301\u7eed\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5b89\u5168\u9632\u62a4\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u3000\u3000\u4e09\u3001 \u5de5\u4e1a\u7f51\u5173\u5982\u4f55\u652f\u6301\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u96c6\u6210\u4e0e\u6269\u5c55?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u5728\u5de5\u4e1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u548c\u667a\u80fd\u5236\u9020\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\uff0c\u5de5\u4e1a\u7f51\u5173\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u652f\u6301\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u96c6\u6210\u4e0e\u6269\u5c55\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul 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class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u3000\u3000\u56db\u3001 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